June 2020 - Defense Page
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Tuesday, June 30, 2020

Best Pics of the Month: June 2020

Best Pics of the Month: June 2020

B-52 Stratofortress
A U.S. Air Force B-52 Stratofortress from the 5th Bomb Wing, Minot Air Force Base, N.D., breaks away from a KC-135 Stratotanker from the 100th Air Refueling Wing, RAF Mildenhall, United Kingdom, after receiving fuel during a strategic bomber mission off the northern Norwegian coast, June 3, 2020. Joint and combined training, exercises and operations help mitigate and reduce security risks associated with increased human activity in the arctic. (U.S. Air Force photo by Tech. Sgt. Emerson Nuñez)

Bradley Fighting Vehicle
Alpha Company, 1st Battalion, 9th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division's Sgt. Ian Ortiz ground guides a Bradley Fighting Vehicle onto the rail car during rail operations at Pazeimene Station in Pazeimene, Lithuania in preparation to redeploy back to Fort Hood, Texas. Pazeimene, Lithuania 06.01.2020. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Sgt. Megan Zander)

C-17 Globemaster III
Airmen assigned to the 911th Maintenance Group tow a C-17 Globemaster III into the new two-bay hangar at the Pittsburgh International Airport Air Reserve Station, Pa., June 4, 2020. The aircraft was the first to enter the new hangar, which will allow Airmen to safely perform maintenance on the C-17 in a controlled environment. (U.S. Air Force photo by Joshua J. Seybert)

CH-47 Chinook
Alaska Army National Guard Soldiers assigned to 1st Battalion, 207th Aviation Regiment executed an extraction mission via a CH-47 Chinook helicopter over Healy, Alaska., June 18, 2020. As part of a combined effort with the Department of Natural Resources, the Guardsmen rigged and airlifted "Bus 142," an historic icon from book and film, “Into the Wild,” out of its location on Stampede Road in light of public safety concerns. The bus will be stored at a secure site while the DNR considers all options and alternatives for its permanent disposition. AK, United States 06.18.2020. (Alaska National Guard Coutesy photo by Brent Goodrum, DNR)

combatant craft medium
Two combatant craft medium (CCM) operate in the Mediterranean Sea near the San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock ship USS New York (LPD 21), June 18, 2020. New York is conducting operations in U.S. 6th Fleet area of operations in support of regional allies and partners, and U.S. national security interests in Europe and Africa. Mediterranean Sea 06.18.2020. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Lyle Wilkie)

F-16, F-35, EA-18G Growler, C-12 Huron, MC-130J, and P-8 Poseidon
Twelve U.S. Air Force F-16CM Fighting Falcons, 12 Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-35A Lightning IIs, two U.S. Navy EA-18G Growlers, a U.S. Navy C-12 Huron, two U.S. Air Force MC-130J Commando IIs, and a U.S. Navy P-8 Poseidon participate in an elephant walk at Misawa Air Base, Japan, June 22, 2020. The display of aircraft showcased Misawa AB’s collective readiness and ability to generate combat airpower at a moment's notice to ensure regional stability throughout the Indo-Pacific. This was Misawa AB’s first time hosting a bilateral and joint elephant walk. (U.S. Air Force photo by Airman First Class China Shock)

F-5N Tiger
An F-5N Tiger adversary fighter with the "Sun Downers" of Fighter Squadron Composite (VFC) 111 lands at Naval Air Station (NAS) Key West after training with the "Flying Eagles" of Strike Fighter Squadron (VFA) 122, June 23, 2020. Naval Air Station Key West is the state-of-the-art facility for combat fighter aircraft of all military services, provides world-class pierside support to U.S. and foreign naval vessels, and is the premier training center for surface and subsurface military operations. Key West, Fla. (June 23, 2020).  (U.S. Navy photo by Danette Baso Silvers)

F-16 Fighting Falcon
An F-16 Fighting Falcon with a "ghost" paint scheme departs Hill Air Force Base, Utah, for Nellis Air Force Base, Nev., June 3., 2020. The paint scheme is intended to replicate an adversary’s fighter jet. United States, allied, and partner-nation aircrews routinely train against accurate and realistic threats including aircraft painted to replicate those pilots might see in aerial combat. Hill Air Force Base, UT, United States 06.03.2020. (U.S. Air Force photo by R. Nial Bradshaw)

Super Hornet
Sailors assigned to the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group perform preflight checks on aircraft aboard the aircraft carrier USS Nimitz (CVN 68). Nimitz, the flagship of Carrier Strike Group 11, is deployed conducting maritime security operations and theater security cooperation efforts. Pacific Ocean (June 12, 2020). (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Greg Hall)

HH-60G Pave Hawk
Airmen assigned to the 347th Rescue Group drop flares from an HH-60G Pave Hawk during a fini flight for Col. Bryan Creel, 347th RQG commander at Moody Air Force Base, Ga., June 5, 2020. The fini flight is a long-standing Air Force tradition that occurs when a pilot departs from an assigned unit. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Hayden Legg)

USS Asheville
The Los Angeles-class fast-attack submarine USS Asheville (SSN 758) transits alongside the U.S. 7th Fleet flagship USS Blue Ridge (LCC 19) during a submarine familiarization (SUBFAM) training. The SUBFAM was conducted so Blue Ridge's crew could observe the characteristics of a submarine and how it looks both acoustically and visually while in the vicinity of the ship. Blue Ridge is the oldest operational ship in the Navy, and, as U.S. 7th Fleet flagship, actively works to foster relationships with allies and partners in the Indo-Pacific region. Philippine Sea (June 14, 2020). (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist Seaman Brandon L. Harris)

Aircraft from Nimitz Carrier Strike
Aircraft from Nimitz Carrier Strike Group fly in formation over the aircraft carrier USS Nimitz (CVN 68). Nimitz is underway conducting composite training unit exercise (COMPTUEX). COMPTUEX is an intensive exercise designed to fully integrate units of the carrier strike group, while testing a strike group's ability as a whole to carry out sustained combat operations from the sea. Pacific Ocean (June 2, 2020)  (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Keenan Daniels)
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Airlift Aircraft : C-17 Globemaster III

Airlift Aircraft : C-17 Globemaster III

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
A C-17 Globemaster III takes off from the Tonopah runway 20 May 2009 at Nellis Air Force Base, Nev. (U.S. Air Force photo by Airman 1st Class Brett Clashman)

The McDonnell Douglas/Boeing C-17 Globemaster III is a large military transport aircraft that was developed for the United States Air Force (USAF) from the 1980s to the early 1990s by McDonnell Douglas.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
A U.S. Air Force C-17 Globemaster III T-1 flies over Owens Valley, California, for a test sortie. 22 March 2004. ( U.S. Air Force)

The C-17 Globemaster III commonly performs tactical and strategic airlift missions, transporting troops and cargo throughout the world; additional roles include medical evacuation and airdrop duties.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
C-17 Globemaster III. (Cory W. Watts)

The C-17 made its maiden flight on Sept. 15, 1991, and the first production model was delivered to Charleston Air Force Base, on June 14, 1993. The first squadron of C-17s, the 17th Airlift Squadron, was declared operationally ready Jan. 17, 1995.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
USAF C-17 Globemaster III. (Gsl at Avalon Airport, Australia)

The C-17 Globemaster III is a strategic transport aircraft, able to airlift cargo close to a battle area. The size and weight of U.S. mechanized firepower and equipment have grown in recent decades from increased air mobility requirements, particularly for large or heavy non-palletized outsize cargo. It has a length of 174 feet (53 m) and a wingspan of 169 feet 10 inches (51.77 m).

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
U.S. Air Force Senior Airman Douglas Prewitt, marshals a C-17 Globemaster III aircraft at Geronimo Landing Zone during the Joint Readiness Training Center 14-03 field training exercise at Fort Polk, La., Jan. 16, 2014. (MSgt John R. Nimmo Sr.)

The C-17 is powered by four Pratt & Whitney F117-PW-100 turbofan engines, which are based on the commercial Pratt and Whitney PW2040 used on the Boeing 757. Each engine is rated at 40,400 lbf (180 kN) of thrust. The engine's thrust reversers direct engine exhaust air upwards and forward, reducing the chances of foreign object damage by ingestion of runway debris, and providing enough reverse thrust to back the aircraft up on the ground while taxiing. The thrust reversers can also be used in flight at idle-reverse for added drag in maximum-rate descents. In vortex surfing tests performed by two C-17s, up to 10% fuel savings were reported.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
USAF Maintainers Give Australians a Peek Into Their Future U.S. and Australian maintainers work on a C-17 Globemaster III nose steering actuator at Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii Oct. 19, 2006. (U.S. Air Force photo / Tech. Sgt. Shane A. Cuomo)

For cargo operations the C-17 requires a crew of three: pilot, copilot, and loadmaster. The cargo compartment is 88 feet (27 m) long by 18 feet (5.5 m) wide by 12 feet 4 inches (3.76 m) high. The cargo floor has rollers for palletized cargo but it can be flipped to provide a flat floor suitable for vehicles and other rolling stock. Cargo is loaded through a large aft ramp that accommodates rolling stock, such as a 69-ton (63-metric ton) M1 Abrams main battle tank, other armored vehicles, trucks, and trailers, along with palletized cargo.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
U.S. Airmen, Sailors and contractors talk and relax aboard a C-17 Globemaster III cargo aircraft, Nov. 8, 2009, on the way to Noumea, New Caledonia. (TSgt. Cohen A. Young)

Maximum payload of the C-17 is 170,900 pounds (77,500 kg; 85.5 short tons), and its maximum takeoff weight is 585,000 pounds (265,000 kg). With a payload of 160,000 pounds (73,000 kg) and an initial cruise altitude of 28,000 ft (8,500 m), the C-17 has an unrefueled range of about 2,400 nautical miles (4,400 kilometres) on the first 71 aircraft, and 2,800 nautical miles (5,200 kilometres) on all subsequent extended-range models that include a sealed center wing bay as a fuel tank. Boeing informally calls these aircraft the C-17 ER. The C-17's cruise speed is about 450 knots (830 km/h) (Mach 0.74). It is designed to airdrop 102 paratroopers and their equipment. The U.S. Army's canceled Ground Combat Vehicle was to be transported by the C-17.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
C-17 Globemaster III cockpit at Wings Over Houston air show. (Landmark9254)

The C-17 is designed to operate from runways as short as 3,500 ft (1,100 m) and as narrow as 90 ft (27 m). In addition, the C-17 can operate from unpaved, unimproved runways (although with greater chance of damage to the aircraft). The thrust reversers can be used to move the aircraft backwards and reverse direction on narrow taxiways using a three- (or more) point turn. The plane is designed for 20 man-hours of maintenance per flight hour, and a 74% mission availability rate.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
Boeing C-17 Globemaster III of the Royal Canadian Air Force departs the 2017 Royal International Air Tattoo, RAF Fairford, England. (Adrian Pingstone)

It is named the “Globemaster”, but within its community, it is also affectionately known as “The Moose.” This nickname comes from the sound that is heard when the air is venting during refueling on the ground – it sounds like a moose bellowing.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
C-17s from Charleston AFB fly over the Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge, 18 December 2008. C-17s from the 437th and 315th Airlift Wings dropped cargo at a remote airfield during a strategic brigade airdrop exercise involving a 13-ship formation. (U.S. Air Force photo/Staff Sgt. Richard Rose)

The C-17 Globemaster III is expected to remain in service with the USAF through 2040. It will remain in service for decades to come carrying out America’s missions by delivering military equipment, troops, and the “Military 3 Bs” of Beans, Bullets, and Band-aids to locations around the world.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
A C-17 Globemaster III from the 437th Air Wing, Charleston Air Force Base, S.C., flies away from a KC-10 Extender after being refueled off the coast of North Carolina. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Sean M. Worrell)

The transport aircraft is in service with the U.S. Air Force along with air arms of India, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, NATO Heavy Airlift Wing, and Kuwait.

Boeing C-17 Globemaster III
A 62d AW AMC C-17 Globemaster III from McChord AFB flies over New York city after completing the first transcontinental flight on synthetic fuel. (U.S. Air Force photo/Randy Hepp)

Specifications
Primary function: Cargo and troop transport
Prime contractor: Boeing (McDonnell Douglas Corp.)
Power plant manufacturer: Four Pratt & Whitney F117-PW- 100 turbofan engines
Thrust (each engine): 40,900 pounds
Wingspan: 170 feet 9 inches (to winglet tips) (51.81 m)
Length: 173 feet 11 inches (53.04 m)
Height: 55 feet 1 inch (16.79 m)
Cargo compartment:
  • Length - 85 feet 2 inches (26 m);
  • width - 18 feet (5.48 m);
  • height - 12 feet 4 inches (3.76 m) forward of the wing and 13 feet 6 inches (4.11 m) aft of the wing
Speed: 500 mph (Mach .77)
Service ceiling: 45,000 feet at cruising speed (13,716 m)
Range: Unlimited with in-flight refueling
Crew: Three (two pilots and one loadmaster)
Maximum peacetime takeoff weight: 585,000 pounds (265,306 kg)
Load:
  • 102 troops/paratroops;
  • 48 litter and 54 ambulatory patients and attendants;
  • 170,900 pounds (76,644 kg) of cargo (18 pallet positions)
Date deployed: June 1993
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Wednesday, June 24, 2020

Javelin Man-Portable Anti-Tank Missile

Javelin Man-Portable Anti-Tank Missile

Javelin anti-tank missile
A U.S. Marine fires a Javelin during a live-fire demonstration, March 30, 2015, as part of Exercise Summer Shield at Military Camp Adazi, Latvia. (Staff Sgt. Jessica Smith)

Javelin is an anti-tank guided munition that can be carried and launched by a single person. It is made by the Javelin Joint Venture, a partnership between Raytheon Missiles & Defense and Lockheed Martin.

Javelin anti-tank missile
An Indian soldier fires the Javelin, Oct. 25, 2009, during a joint exercise with U.S. Soldiers at Camp Bundela, India. (Fred W. Baker III)

It uses automatic infrared guidance that allows the user to seek cover immediately after launch, as opposed to wire-guided systems, which require the user to actively guide the weapon throughout the engagement.

Javelin anti-tank missile
(Spc. Thomas Duval 1/25 SBCT PAO)

Javelin provides the U.S. Army, U.S. Marine Corps and numerous international customers with a medium-range, "fire-and-forget" missile for use against a wide array of targets including armored vehicles, bunkers and caves. The system’s Command Launch Unit, or sight, performs surveillance, allowing a gunner to see targets.

Javelin anti-tank missile
A soldier launches a Javelin anti-tank missile. 2 May 2003. (Sgt Mauricio Campino USMC)

The weapon can be deployed from multiple platforms and used during the day, at night and in any kind of weather. The program has also demonstrated that Javelin can be fired from a remote launcher mounted on an unmanned ground vehicle.

Javelin anti-tank missile
A soldier launches a Javelin anti-tank missile. 2 May 2003. (Sgt Mauricio Campino USMC)

In 1983, the United States Army introduced its AAWS-M (Advanced Anti-Tank Weapon System-Medium) requirement and, in 1985, the AAWS-M was approved for development. In August 1986, the Proof-of-Principle (POP) phase of the development began, with a $30 million contract awarded for technical proof demonstrators: Ford Aerospace (laser-beam riding), Hughes Aircraft Missile System Group (imaging infra-red combined with a fiber-optic cable link) and Texas Instruments (imaging infra-red). In late 1988, the POP phase ended and, in June 1989, the full-scale development contract was awarded to a joint venture of Texas Instruments and Martin Marietta (now Raytheon and Lockheed-Martin). The AAWS-M received the designation of Javelin.

In April 1991, the first test-flight of the Javelin succeeded, and in March 1993, the first test-firing from the launcher succeeded. In 1994, low levels of production were authorized, and the first Javelins were deployed with US Army units in 1996.

Javelin anti-tank missile
U.S. Army Spc. Colton Davis, an infantryman assigned to Company C, 2nd Battalion fires a Javelin anti-tank missile during a combined arms live fire exercise as part of Exercise Eastern Action 2019 at Al-Ghalail Range in Qatar. Nov. 14, 2018. (U.S. Army National Guard photo illustration by Spc. Jovi Prevot)

The missile achieved a higher range of 4,750 m during a demonstration in February 2013. Five Javelins were successfully fired as part of the joint exercise, called Yudh Abhyas, between the Indian and US armies in June 2013. A Javelin missile was successfully test-fired from a turret at Cranfield Ordnance Test and Evaluation Centre (COTEC) in May 2014.

Javelin anti-tank missile
Pictured is the Javelin Anti-Tank Missile system in the various different positions and stances that it could be fired from and how it can be carried in the correct way. 16 May 2017. (Stuart A Hill AMS)

As a fire-and-forget missile, after launch the missile has to be able to track and destroy its target without the gunner. This is done by coupling an on-board imaging IR system (different from CLU imaging system) with an on-board tracking system.

Javelin anti-tank missile
Pictured is the Javelin Anti-Tank Missile system used in the hand held position (firer using his knees for stability). 16 May 2017.  (Stuart A Hill AMS)

The Javelin's HEAT warhead is capable of defeating modern tanks by attacking them from above where their armor is thinnest (see top-attack), and is also useful against fortifications in a direct attack flight.

Javelin anti-tank missile
Capt. Agur Kibur, a native of Parnu, Estonia, an operations officer for the Viru Single Infantry Battalion, looks through the Command Launch Unit for a Javelin anti-tank weapons system. 29 July 2014. (Sgt. John L. Carkeet IV, 143rd Sustainment Command)

The Javelin system consists of the CLU and the round. With a carry weight of 6.4 kg, the CLU incorporates a passive target acquisition and fire control unit with integrated day sight and thermal imaging capabilities.

The gunner’s controls for the missile system are on the CLU. The day sight is equipped with x 4 magnification and the night sight with x 4 and x 9 magnification optics.

Javelin anti-tank missile
Pictured are elements of the Manoeuvre Support Group MSG from 42 Commando Royal Marines, based at Bickleigh Barracks Plymouth, whilst conducting live firing of the new Light Forces Anti-Tank Guided Weapon (LFATGW) Javelin. 28 July 2005. (Sean Clee)

The round consists of the Javelin missile and the ATK (Alliant Techsystems) launch tube assembly. The range of the missile is 2,500 m. Javelin is a fire-and-forget missile with lock-on before launch and automatic self-guidance.

The missile is equipped with an imaging infrared seeker, which is based on a cadmium mercury telluride (CdHgTe) 64 x 64 staring focal plane array in the 8 micron to 12 micron waveband. BAE Systems Avionics is providing the infrared seekers for the British army’s missiles.

Javelin anti-tank missile
The launch of a Javelin, Anti-Tank Guided Weapon (ATGW), which was part of a demonstration at Imber Camp, Warminster. 28 July 2005. (Andrew Linnett)

More than 25,000 missiles have been produced and more than 6,600 command launch units have been sold to the US army and Marine Corps.

Javelin has been deployed extensively in Afghanistan and Iraq for combat missions. The total number of orders of the missile is more than 45,000 and it is expected to be operational with the US until 2050.

Javelin anti-tank missile
Cpl. Aaron Pickett, an anti-tank missilemen with Weapons Company, 3rd Battalion, 3rd Marine Regiment, fires a Javelin missile from the front of a Humvee during the Enhanced Mojave Viper training exercise at the Black Top Range Training Area on Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms, Calif.. 29 August 2011. ( DVIDSHUB)

Current operators
Australia: 92 launchers and 600 missiles.
Bahrain: 13 launchers.
Czech Republic: Purchased 3 launchers and 12 missiles. An additional order was placed in December 2015 for an unknown number of missiles and launchers.
Estonia: 80 CLU (with option for additional 40) and 350 missiles.
France: 76 launchers and 260 missiles.
Georgia: 72 launchers and 410 missiles.
Indonesia: 25 launchers and 189 missiles.
Ireland: Irish Army, replaced MILAN anti-tank missile.
Jordan: 30 launchers and 116 missiles. Another 162 JAVELIN Command Launch Units (CLUs), 18 Fly-to-Buy Missiles, 1,808 JAVELIN Anti-Tank Guided Missiles and other support equipment was ordered in 2009.
Libya: Used by the Libyan National Army.
Lithuania: 40 launchers. In December 2015 DSCA approved for a possible Foreign Military Sale to Lithuania for another 220 missiles and 74 CLUs for $55 million.
New Zealand: 24 launchers.
Norway: 100 launchers and 526 missiles.
Oman: 30 launchers.
Qatar: 500 Javelin missiles and 50 CLU.
Saudi Arabia: 20 launchers and 150 missiles.
Taiwan: 360 Javelin missiles and 40 launcher units. In 2008, the United States issued a congressional notification for the sale of a further 20 launchers and 182 more missiles.
Ukraine: 210 missiles and 37 launchers. At the end of 2019, Ukraine announced it had signed contracts to purchase another 150 missiles and 10 launchers.
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom: 850 units and 9,000 missiles.
United States

Specifications
Mass: 22.3 kg (49.2 lb) (carry weight)
Detachable Command Launch Unit (CLU): 6.4 kg (14.1 lb)
Length: Missile: 1.1 m (43 in)
Launch tube: 1.2 m (47 in)
Missile diameter: 127 mm (5.0 in)
Launch tube: 142 mm (5.6 in)
Crew: 2
Effective firing range:
- original CLU: 2,500 m (1.6 mi)
- Lightweight CLU: 4,000 m (2.5 mi)
- from vehicle: 4,750 m (2.95 mi)
Warhead:
Tandem shaped charge HEAT
- Penetration: 750mm+ RHA
Warhead weight: 8.4 kg (18.5 lb)
Detonation mechanism: Impact force
Engine: Solid-fuel rocket
Guidance system: infrared homing
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Sunday, June 21, 2020

Turkey : Bayraktar TB2 Tactical UAV

Turkey : Bayraktar TB2 Tactical UAV

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(via Itamilradar)

The Bayraktar TB2 is a Turkish medium altitude long endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) capable of remotely controlled or autonomous flight operations manufactured by Turkey′s Baykar company primarily for the Turkish Air Force (TAF).

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(via Tasmeclisi)

The development of the Bayraktar TB2 had been spurred by a U.S. ban on exports of armed unmanned aircraft to Turkey due to concerns they would be used against Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) groups inside and outside Turkey.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(Ukroboronprom)

The Bayraktar TB2 first flew in August 2014. On 18 December 2015, a video was published for the missile test of Bayraktar TB2.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(via Turkpress)

The aircraft is monitored and controlled by an aircrew in the Ground Control Station, including weapons employment. Bayraktar means "ensign" or "standard-bearer" in Turkish.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(via Defense Update)

Bayraktar TB2 is capable to conduct Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) and armed attacks missions.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(Ukroboronprom)

An onboard avionic suite with a triple redundant avionic system encompasses units enabling a fully autonomous taxiing, take-off, landing and cruise. TB2 has proven its efficacy with over 200,000 of operational flight hours.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(AA)

The integration of the indigenous munition "Roketsan MAM-L and MAM-C" and the capacity to fulfill successfully Intelligence, persistent aerial Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) missions, made from the system a primary platform in operations. 

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(via Twitter image)

The Armed UAV Bayraktar TB2 is a multi-purpose platform as it can perform Target Acquisition using the onboard laser pointer it is also capable to eliminate it using its payload consisting of four smart munitions. Bayraktar TB2 is a system that offers all cutting-edge solutions required to carry out surgical-precision strikes preventing the widespread damage to close areas. These features ensure civilian security as a first-order priority.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(via Twitter image)

Since 2014, it keeps carrying out missions successfully within the Turkish Armed Forces, Gendarmerie and the Turkish National Police.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(via Tolgaozbek)

Bayraktar TB2 holds the record of the Turkish aviation history for endurance with (27 hours 3 minutes) and for altitude with (27.030 feet). Bayraktar TB2 is also the first-ever aircraft in its category to be exported abroad.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
 (Bayhaluk / Wikipedia]

The system consists of Bayraktar TB2 Armed / UAV Platform, Ground Control Station, Ground Data Terminal, Remote Display Terminal, Advanced Base with Generator and Trailer modules.

Bayraktar TB2 UAV
(via Twitter image)

Operators
  • Turkey
  • Qatar
  • Ukraine
  • Libya operated by GNA (Government of National Accord)

Basic flight performance criteria
  • 18.000 feet operational altitude
  • 27.000 feet service ceiling
  • Up to 27 hours endurance
  • Fully automatic flight control with triple redundant autopilot system
  • Independently of ground systems, fully autonomous landing and take-off capability
  • Independently of gps, navigation capability based on multi-sensor fusion architecture

Advanced Features
  • Fully automatic navigation and route tracking feature
  • Based on multi-sensor fusion automatic delicate take-off and landing capability
  • Fully automatic taxiing and parking
  • Semi-autonomous flight mode support
  • Authentic redundant lithium-based battery units
  • Fault tolerant and 3 redundant sensor fusion application
  • Cross redundant gcs system
  • Authentic redundant servo actuator units

Technicial Specifications
Communication range: LOS (line of sight)
Cruise - maximum speed: 70 - 120 knots (130 - 222 km/h)
Operational - maximum altitude: 18,000 feet - 27,000 feet (5,486 - 8,230 m)
Payload capacity: 150 kg
Payload ISR: Interchangeable EO/IR/LD or multi mode AESA radar
Payload weapons: 4 laser guided smart munitions
Fuel capacity / type: 300 liters / gasoline
Take-off and landing: Runway (automatic)
Max take off weight: 650 kg
Endurance: Up to 27 hours
Wingspan: 12 m
Height: 2.2 m
Length: 6.5 m
Thrust type: 100 hp internal combustion injection engine
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Thursday, June 18, 2020

Supermaneuverable Fighter Aircraft : Sukhoi Su-27

Supermaneuverable Fighter Aircraft : Sukhoi Su-27

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

Sukhoi Su-27, also called (NATO designation) Flanker, Russian air-superiority fighter plane, introduced into the air forces of the Soviet Union beginning in 1985.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

The aircraft was developed by Sukhoi on demand of Russia to counter the 4th generation jet fighters like the F-4 Tomcat and the F-15 Eagle. This aircraft proved to be a valuable asset on meeting those demands with a range of nearly 3,500 kilometers along with the ability to carry the heavy ordinance while having super maneuverable moments as well as the sophisticated avionics.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

The Su-27 airframe was manufactured using an integral configuration with the wing and fuselage forming a single aerodynamically lifted frame. Its longitudinal sections in the form of the wing airfoil ensure high aerodynamic efficiency and high lift coefficient while manoeuvring.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation)

It was intended as a direct competitor for the large United States fourth generation fighters, with 3,530-kilometre (1,910 nmi) range, heavy armament, sophisticated avionics and high manoeuvrability. The Su-27 most often flies air superiority missions, but is able to perform almost all combat operations. Complementing the smaller MiG-29, the Su-27's closest US counterpart is the F-15 Eagle.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

The Su-27’s capabilities are formidable. The Flanker can reach Mach 2.35 with a thrust-to-weight ratio above one (depending on fuel load).

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

The Sukhoi Su-27 is larger than any U.S. fighter aircraft and has the ability to carry up to ten air-to-air missiles. Large capacity internal fuel tanks give the aircraft a long range without the need for frequent mid air refueling.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

The radar of the Sukhoi Su-27 is capable of actively scanning for threats while zeroing in on targets both on the ground and in the air. It can track and guide missiles to destroy targets at tree top levels while the aircraft remains at cruising altitudes.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

The Su-27 capabilities are formidable. The Flanker can reach Mach 2.35 with a thrust-to-weight ratio above one (depending on fuel load). It can carry up to eight air-to-air missiles (generally of short to medium range; other variants specialize in Beyond Visual Range combat) or an array of bombs and missiles. In the hands of an experienced pilot, the Su-27 can carry out a bewildering array of maneuvers, many of which have delighted air show audiences across Russia and Europe.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

The Su-27 avionics were developed based on large-scale introduction of digital processing using an onboard computer and the principle of extensive integration of various systems by function; for instance, the fire control system incorporated, in addition to a target search and track radar channel (multi-purpose onboard radar), an independent information channel, i.e., an optical search and tracking station. As part of the goal-oriented retrofitting program, the Su-27 received a specially developed new-generation guided missile of medium (K-27E) and short (K-73) range.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

Sukhoi Su-27 fighters are definitely a pilot's favorite, with an abundance of power and relatively light wing loading. These qualities make for a fast accelerating, easy to fly, highly maneuverable aircraft. It was the first aircraft to perform the cobra maneuver.

Sukhoi Su-27
(Vadim Savitsky/Global Look Press)

In addition to Russia, Sukhoi Su-27 aircraft are used in the Angolan, Belarusian, Chinese, Ethiopian, Indian, Indonesian, Kazakhstani, Syrian, Vietnamese, Ukrainian, and Uzbekistani air forces. Over 800 Sukhoi Su-27 aircraft have been produced to date.

(Alex Beltyukov)

The Su-27 was the last of the major fourth-generation fighters to enter service, and has proven an exceedingly successful design. Big enough and powerful enough to sustain a number of modifications and improvements, the Flanker should continue to see service (and even production) for quite some time. This is especially true given the uncertainty associated with the future of the Su-57, the fifth-generation stealth fighter intended to replace both the MiG-29 and the Su-27.

General characteristics
Crew: 1
Length: 21.9 m (71 ft 10 in)
Wingspan: 14.7 m (48 ft 3 in)
Height: 5.92 m (19 ft 5 in)
Wing area: 62 m(670 sq ft)
Empty weight: 16,380 kg (36,112 lb)
Gross weight: 23,430 kg (51,654 lb)
Max takeoff weight: 30,450 kg (67,131 lb)
Fuel capacity: 9,400 kg (20,723.5 lb) internal[114]
Powerplant: 2 × Saturn AL-31F afterburning turbofan engines, 75.22 kN (16,910 lbf) thrust each dry, 122.6 kN (27,600 lbf) with afterburner

Performance
Maximum speed:
- 2,500 km/h (1,600 mph, 1,300 kn) / M2.35 at altitude
- 1,400 km/h (870 mph; 760 kn) / M1.13 at sea level
Range:
- 3,530 km (2,190 mi, 1,910 nmi) at altitude
- 1,340 km (830 mi; 720 nmi) at sea level
Service ceiling: 19,000 m (62,000 ft)
g limits: +9
Rate of climb: 300 m/s (59,000 ft/min)
Wing loading: 377.9 kg/m2 (77.4 lb/sq ft) With 56% fuel
444.61 kg/m2 (91.1 lb/sq ft)
Thrust/weight: 1.07 with 56% internal fuel; 0.91 with full fuel

Armament
Guns: 1×30 mm Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-30-1 autocannon with 150 rounds
Hardpoints: 10 external pylons with a capacity of up to 4,430 kg (9,770 lb) ,with provisions to carry combinations of:
- Rockets:
  • S-8KOM/BM/OM
  • S-13T/OF
  • S-25OFM-PU
- Missiles:
  • 6 × R-27R/ER/T/ET/P/EP air-to-air missiles
  • 4 × R-73E AAMs
- Bombs:
  • RBK-250 cluster bomb
  • RBK-500 cluster bomb

Avionics
- N001E radar
- Phazotron Zhuk-MSE radar
- Phazotron Zhuk-MSFE radar
- OEPS-27 electro-optical targeting system
- SPO-15 Radar Warning Receiver
- OEPS-27 IRST[116]
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